jun22
Report on Deep Fakes and National Security
https://news.usni.org/2022/06/08/report-on-deep-fakes-and-national-securityout21
The researchers from Germany, the Netherlands, and the Czech Republic propose concrete solutions. Due to rapid technological progress, we should not limit to regulations for technology development. "To manipulate public opinion, fakes do not only have to be produced, they have to be disseminated," Jahnel explains. "Regulations on the use of deepfakes therefore have to start with internet platforms and media companies." But this will hardly eliminate AI-supported technologies for deepfakes. On the contrary, researchers are convinced that individuals and societies will be confronted with visual disinformation more often in future. In their opinion, it will be essential to take a more critical view of such contents and to develop skills to carefully check the credibility of them. The study was made by ITAS and Fraunhofer Institute for Systems and Innovation Research in Germany and the Technology Centre CAS in the Czech Republic. Coordinator was Rathenau Institute in the Netherlands. https://sciencex.com/wire-news/396610552/deepfakes-manipulations-threaten-democracy.html
out21
EU study: Deepfakes endanger democracy. Deepfake techniques have the potential to cause numerous societal and financial damage. The spectrum ranges from the manipulation of democratic processes to interruptions in the financial, judicial and scientific systems. Researchers warn of this in a study that has now been presented and commissioned by the European Parliament’s Technology Assessment Committee (STOA).The scientists understand deepfakes to be increasingly realistic photos, audios or videos in which people are placed in new contexts with the help of artificial intelligence (AI) systems. Often words would be put into the mouth of third parties that they never said in this way. https://marketresearchtelecast.com/eu-study-deepfakes-endanger-democracy/183414/ + https://technewsinsight.com/the-institute-of-technology-kit-investigates-the-dangers-of-deepfake-technology/
EU study: Deepfakes endanger democracy. Deepfake techniques have the potential to cause numerous societal and financial damage. The spectrum ranges from the manipulation of democratic processes to interruptions in the financial, judicial and scientific systems. Researchers warn of this in a study that has now been presented and commissioned by the European Parliament’s Technology Assessment Committee (STOA).The scientists understand deepfakes to be increasingly realistic photos, audios or videos in which people are placed in new contexts with the help of artificial intelligence (AI) systems. Often words would be put into the mouth of third parties that they never said in this way. https://marketresearchtelecast.com/eu-study-deepfakes-endanger-democracy/183414/ + https://technewsinsight.com/the-institute-of-technology-kit-investigates-the-dangers-of-deepfake-technology/
===================AULA 21==============
ag21
Deepfakes Can Have A Huge Impact On International Relations, But Can It Lead To Nuclear War?
At a UN event, a panel of experts spoke about the adverse effects of deepfake technology and how to regulate it. https://www.medianama.com/2021/08/223-deepfake-impact-un-event/
Deepfakes Can Have A Huge Impact On International Relations, But Can It Lead To Nuclear War?
At a UN event, a panel of experts spoke about the adverse effects of deepfake technology and how to regulate it. https://www.medianama.com/2021/08/223-deepfake-impact-un-event/
nov20
India at the United Nations Security Council (UNSC) has warned that artificial intelligence-enabled 'deep learning' to create 'deepfakes' which can be used for misinformation across the World and terror groups are using the internet for many things from recruitment to purchase of weapons. India's envoy to UN, TS Tirumurti said, "Terrorist and radical extremist groups today have unprecedented access to the general public through the internet, which allows for more efficient and effective recruitment, incitement, and propaganda, as well as the purchase of weapons and illegal money transfers." https://www.dnaindia.com/india/report-at-unsc-india-warns-of-artificial-intelligence-deepfakes-being-used-to-fuel-misinformation-2854357
set20
Deepfakes exacerbate the problem of fake news in various ways. First, people are more likely to believe videos than news reports attributed to individuals, making it much harder to combat damaged perceptions arising from such clips. Second, because the technology is still new to many people, they are more likely to be taken in these videos. Third, problems also arise when enough people are aware of the issue, leading to real videos being dismissed as fake, such as in the case of Gabon. This can have problematic implications for legal cases, where videos can be dismissed as fake due to the ubiquity of deepfake technology. Fourth, and more importantly, deepfakes can also contribute to violence given that street mobs often become judge, jury and executioner if the problem is acute enough https://www.scmp.com/comment/opinion/article/3103331/us-elections-violence-india-threat-deepfakes-only-growing
Deepfakes exacerbate the problem of fake news in various ways. First, people are more likely to believe videos than news reports attributed to individuals, making it much harder to combat damaged perceptions arising from such clips. Second, because the technology is still new to many people, they are more likely to be taken in these videos. Third, problems also arise when enough people are aware of the issue, leading to real videos being dismissed as fake, such as in the case of Gabon. This can have problematic implications for legal cases, where videos can be dismissed as fake due to the ubiquity of deepfake technology. Fourth, and more importantly, deepfakes can also contribute to violence given that street mobs often become judge, jury and executioner if the problem is acute enough https://www.scmp.com/comment/opinion/article/3103331/us-elections-violence-india-threat-deepfakes-only-growing
set20
in India, a day before the Delhi election in February, two videos of Delhi unit Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) President Manoj Tiwari hit the internet where he was found urging voters to vote to his party. The videos were then reported as deepfakes. https://www.analyticsinsight.net/landscape-deepfake-content-escalating-rapidly/
agos20
Deepfake videos - videos that were manipulated to replace a person with someone else's likeness - are effective in influencing people to think more negatively about that person. And even relatively bad deepfakes can be very convincing, according to a study by the University of Amsterdam (UvA), NOS reports. With a deepfake video, you can for example record a video of you saying sexist statements, and then impose a celebrity's likeness over you in the video so that it looks like the celebrity said those things. Or you can take a video of the celebrity, and manipulate it to make them say things they never said. For their study, the Amsterdam researchers created a deepfake video of former CDA leader Sybrand Buma and showed it to 278 people. The group that saw the deepfake video thought more negatively about Buma afterwards than the group that watched the original video of him. The attitudes towards the CDA as a whole remained almost the same in both situations. Only 8 of the 140 people who saw the deepfake video raised doubts about its authenticity, UvA researcher Tom Dobber said to NOS. "And this one was not even perfect, you could see the lips moving crazily every now and then. It is remarkable that people fell for it completely." https://nltimes.nl/2020/08/24/deepfakes-convincing-effective-influencing-people-amsterdam-researchers-found
Deepfake videos - videos that were manipulated to replace a person with someone else's likeness - are effective in influencing people to think more negatively about that person. And even relatively bad deepfakes can be very convincing, according to a study by the University of Amsterdam (UvA), NOS reports. With a deepfake video, you can for example record a video of you saying sexist statements, and then impose a celebrity's likeness over you in the video so that it looks like the celebrity said those things. Or you can take a video of the celebrity, and manipulate it to make them say things they never said. For their study, the Amsterdam researchers created a deepfake video of former CDA leader Sybrand Buma and showed it to 278 people. The group that saw the deepfake video thought more negatively about Buma afterwards than the group that watched the original video of him. The attitudes towards the CDA as a whole remained almost the same in both situations. Only 8 of the 140 people who saw the deepfake video raised doubts about its authenticity, UvA researcher Tom Dobber said to NOS. "And this one was not even perfect, you could see the lips moving crazily every now and then. It is remarkable that people fell for it completely." https://nltimes.nl/2020/08/24/deepfakes-convincing-effective-influencing-people-amsterdam-researchers-found
ago20
Eric Milam, vice president of research operations at BlackBerry, has revealed he fears life-like videos of politicians created behind a computer screen will impact upcoming elections. California-based Eric said: “Data science is a big thing, it becomes more and more popular to do and obviously things like CGI and all that start off as good things but now if a nation state has the capability to do this, especially on the cheap, they will be able to do it and do it well. “It’s dangerous for a lot of different reasons right. My first thing which comes to mind is because we have an election right coming up is just the amount of disinformation that could be spread by this. https://www.dailystar.co.uk/news/latest-news/deepfakes-risk-elections-cybersecurity-expert-22527419
jul20
Imagine if a nation state or terrorist organization were able to hack President Trump’s Twitter feed and send out messages indicating that the U.S. was going to strike China imminently. We’d be off to the races headed for global conflict. As the old adage goes, the lie is half-way around the world before the truth gets its boots on. Undoubtedly, America’s premier national security agencies are wargaming such frightening scenarios. But this episode also illuminates a harsher reality: That in the age of COVID, cyber is our nation’s Achilles’ heel. Nation states such as Russia and China are reportedly trying to steal our vaccine research via cyberattacks. And as we rely more on Zoom and the internet for work, school and our day-to-day living, a crippling attack on those systems could cause the work of many businesses, schools and government agencies to screech to a halt. https://thehill.com/opinion/cybersecurity/508202-deepfakes-threaten-the-2020-election
jul20
New media synthesis technologies are rapidly advancing and becoming more accessible, allowing users to make video and audio clips (i.e. deepfakes) of individuals doing and saying things they never did or said. Deepfakes have significant implications for the integrity of many social domains including that of elections. Focusing on the 2020 US presidential election and using an anticipatory approach, this article examines the ethical issues raised by deepfakes and discusses strategies for addressing these issues. Eight hypothetical scenarios are developed and used as the basis for this analysis, which identifies harms to voters who view deepfakes, candidates and campaigns that are the subjects of deepfakes, and threats to electoral integrity https://law.yale.edu/yls-today/yale-law-school-events/anticipating-and-addressing-ethical-implications-deepfakes-context-elections?date=2020-07-17T12%3A00%3A00-04%3A00
jun20
DeepFakes are a decisive factor in IW [Information warfare (IW) has become the most prolific battle space of our time], whether at the nation state-level and/or in the commercial arena. DeepFakes can trigger what is known as the Mandela Effect (i.e. when a multitude of people believe that an event occurred, when it, in fact, did not). But more importantly, DeepFakes exploit a soft underbelly of our technological defense — the very detection approach we currently use can be used to train the adversarial AI systems to create more sophisticated DeepFakes. https://www.thecipherbrief.com/column_article/the-impact-of-deepfakes-on-the-new-data-frontier
Mai20
UNSW Canberra Cyber Director Nigel Phair predicts deepfakes will be widespread in the lead up to the US election – synthetic audio-video content which allows someone to create a realistic likeness of another. Mr Phair said it would be easy to fake robocalls or social media posts from politicians to constituents. “If we look at social media in the run-up to the US election, let’s just see how fake news is perpetrated through it,” he said. https://www.skynews.com.au/details/_6153325869001
2/5
And then, at 8:25:50 pm ET, the president retweeted an account he had never retweeted before. The account had posted a video of former Vice President Joe Biden, crudely and obviously manipulated to show him twitching his eyebrows and lolling his tongue. The caption read: “Sloppy Joe is trending. I wonder if it’s because of this. You can tell it’s a deep fake because Jill Biden isn’t covering for him.” https://www.theatlantic.com/ideas/archive/2020/04/trumps-first-deepfake/610750/ + https://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-8260455/Trump-shares-deep-fake-GIF-Joe-Biden-sticking-tongue-series-late-night-posts.html The president’s use of this gif is already coming in for criticism. Writing in the Atlantic, David Frum noted the significance of the president’s retweet: “Instead of sharing deceptively edited video—as Trump and his allies have often done before—yesterday Trump for the first time shared a video that had been outrightly fabricated.” https://www.lawfareblog.com/deepfake-iphone-apps-are-here
Deepfakes could destroy
democracy LINK
2/5
And then, at 8:25:50 pm ET, the president retweeted an account he had never retweeted before. The account had posted a video of former Vice President Joe Biden, crudely and obviously manipulated to show him twitching his eyebrows and lolling his tongue. The caption read: “Sloppy Joe is trending. I wonder if it’s because of this. You can tell it’s a deep fake because Jill Biden isn’t covering for him.” https://www.theatlantic.com/ideas/archive/2020/04/trumps-first-deepfake/610750/ + https://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-8260455/Trump-shares-deep-fake-GIF-Joe-Biden-sticking-tongue-series-late-night-posts.html The president’s use of this gif is already coming in for criticism. Writing in the Atlantic, David Frum noted the significance of the president’s retweet: “Instead of sharing deceptively edited video—as Trump and his allies have often done before—yesterday Trump for the first time shared a video that had been outrightly fabricated.” https://www.lawfareblog.com/deepfake-iphone-apps-are-here
How deepfakes undermine truth and threaten democracy:
The use of deepfake technology to manipulate video and audio
for malicious purposes -- whether it's to stoke violence or defame politicians
and journalists -- is becoming a real threat. As these tools become more
accessible and their products more realistic, how will they shape what we
believe about the world? In a portentous talk, law professor Danielle Citron
reveals how deepfakes magnify our distrust -- and suggests approaches to
safeguarding the truth. https://www.ted.com/talks/danielle_citron_how_deepfakes_undermine_truth_and_threaten_democracy#t-13623
“Imagine a scenario where, on the eve of next year’s
presidential election, the Democratic nominee appears in a video where he or
she endorses President Trump. Now, imagine it the other way around. Or
that both endorse the other.Preposterous, right? But it’s exactly what a
British think tank, Future Advocacy, was able to show is possible — as a
warning of sorts — in the weeks leading up to the Dec. 12 election in the
United Kingdom. It created two videos which, despite never happening, appeared
entirely authentic, one with British Prime Minister Boris Johnson endorsing his
opponent, Jeremy Corbyn; and another, with Corbyn endorsing Johnson.” LINK https://futureadvocacy.com/deepfakes/
Deepfakes could destroy
democracy LINK
JAN20 On the first day of 2020, a video of former
Vice President Joe Biden circulated on Twitter. It appeared to show the
presidential candidate agreeing with GOP proposals to cut Social Security
benefits, a hot-button issue for Democratic primary voters. https://news.yahoo.com/the-growing-threat-of-political-deepfakes-100052400.html
MAR20 MP-DFT abre inquérito sobre vídeos
falsos, os deepfakes, no Brasil LINK
Mar20 The emergence of two pro-Bharatiya Janata Party
(BJP) videos that were made using deepfake techniques during the recent Delhi state election have raised concerns about potential misuse of this
technology in a country where even crudely edited videos have led to several
deaths. LINK
Imagine ver, na véspera da
eleição, o vídeo de um candidato cometendo um crime ou atacando seu próprio
eleitorado. O “deepfake” é capaz de tornar real o maior pesadelo de qualquer
político e, segundo Katherine Charlet, diretora de tecnologia do Instituto Carnegie,
dos Estados Unidos, já ameaça as disputas do próximo ano pelo mundo,
multiplicando o já enorme desafio das fake news à democracia. https://www.otempo.com.br/opiniao/editorial/deepfake-eleitoral-1.2232341
Eleições https://www.techrepublic.com/article/the-sinister-timing-of-deepfakes-and-the-2020-election/
Influencia
nas eleições https://twitter.com/RepAdamSchiff/status/1195770780744912896
Dez19 U.S. Sen. Gary Peters, D-Mich., and U.S. Rep.
Haley Stevens, D-Rochester Hills, have both backed bills aimed at prodding
the U.S. government to help root out deepfakes. The Johnson and Corbyn
videos were never aired as being genuine but hint at the sorts of disruption
such technology could cause. LINK
17/11/2019 ISIS 'preparing clip of al-Baghdadi ALIVE'
using deepfake propaganda. EXCLUSIVE: US President Donald Trump said Abu Bakr
al-Baghdadi had been wiped out but deepfake material could be used by ISIS to
cast doubt on his claims among potential recruits (LINK)
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