Thursday, March 3, 2022

Ucrânia

out23

Visitors to a Ukrainian news website on the evening of February 18 2022, were greeted by a familiar sight, a video of their president giving a speech. While the resemblance was there, the face seemed slightly out of sync with the head of the Ukrainian president.

In the video, Volodymyr Zelensky announced that the war was over, a fact that the majority of Ukrainian people knew was false. It was a deepfake video. While this was happening online, the ticker at the bottom of the screen on the channel’s live television feed read the same message. It claimed – again, falsely – that Ukraine was surrendering.

Our team at the Lero research centre in University College Cork has just published a first-of-its-kind study examining the ways in which deepfake videos were presented and discussed on Twitter during the early months of the Russian invasion of Ukraine.

Deepfake technology is a recent technological development that essentially allows people to create videos of events that never happened. It seems particularly well suited to the spreading of disinformation, misinformation and “fake news” on social media platforms and elsewhere online. Deepfakes are also very suited to being used in cyberwarfare.

https://theconversation.com/deepfakes-in-warfare-new-concerns-emerge-from-their-use-around-the-russian-invasion-of-ukraine-216393



abr23
The frontline of war propaganda is deepfakes, making people doubt everything they see.  
Generative AI expert, Henry Asher, tells Times Radio reporter, Jo Crawford, that Ukraine war deepfakes are just the tip of the iceberg, as evolving generative AI will become an even greater problem for the future of war reporting.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6YN-GhbB3ho

mar23

15 Years In Prison For Fake News! Putin Signs New Law On Russia’s Special Military Operations In Ukraine

Russian President Vladimir Putin has signed a law for disseminating fake news about the participants of military operations in Ukraine, making this infraction punishable by up to 15 years in prison.

The law toughened the punishment for discrediting deployment of the Russian armed forces abroad, which previously stood at up to five years in prison. The amendments not only introduce liability for discrediting volunteers but also raise the threshold for punishment to seven years in prison for such acts.

Some amendments were introduced to an article concerning fake news about the Russian armed forces, extending the punishment for such acts to volunteers as well. The maximum penalty under the article is a 15-year prison sentence.

https://eurasiantimes.com/15-years-in-prison-for-fake-news-putin-signs-new-law-on-russias-special-military-operations-in-ukraine/

fev23

Deepfake, propaganda and disinformation | How Russia and Ukraine battled the information war

https://www.wionews.com/world/deepfake-propaganda-and-disinformation-how-russia-and-ukraine-battled-the-information-war-566059


jan23

Ukraine's deputy prime minister says it is educating its citizens about the dangers of deepfakes as it fights Russian disinformation in 'a war of technologies'


https://www.businessinsider.com/ukraine-is-educating-its-citizens-to-recognize-russian-deepfakes-2023-1


dez22

Vladimir Putin has been forced to use deepfakes and body-doubles to attend public events over his rapidly deteriorating health, according to an alleged Kremlin insider.

Telegram channel General SVR, allegedly run by a high-ranking Kremlin official who has ‘insider’ knowledge of Putin’s condition, has long maintained the Russian President is secretly battling a range of illnesses including dementia and several types of cancer.

Their latest report claims Putin was forced to cancel a string of events in December after suffering from ‘frequent bouts of dizziness and headaches’ linked to Parkinson’s disease.

In addition to the Parkinson’s-related side-effects, the source also claims Putin’s alleged cancer is ‘progressing’, which is said to be affecting his general condition and performance.
https://metro.co.uk/2022/12/30/putin-said-to-use-deepfakes-and-body-doubles-to-hide-ailing-health-18015502/


dez22
The main conclusion from these examples is that images’
falsity (or veracity) is not a property of images themselves
but an outcome of a myriad of relational, semiotic and cultural
factors. Consequently, instead of asking what a false
image is, we should focus on understanding what makes for
a specific image to be conceptualized as false (or true) in
a given historical and cultural context. In other words, we
need to understand why people trust some images and not
others as reliable agents for knowing the world and communicating
with others, and what implications these ethical
and epistemological assumptions entail.
Finally, this project would be incomplete if it did not
recursively consider the images we as social scientists make,
analyse and use in our research and how they are perceived
by other people (and specifically by the people with whom
we work). In other words, the anthropology of visual trust
must also be anthropology of the trust in the visual within
the anthropological discipline.
https://rai.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/1467-8322.12767
Visual trust
Fake images in the Russia-Ukraine war

dez22

A deepfake detector can spot fake videos of Ukraine’s president Volodymyr Zelenskyy with high accuracy. This detection system could not only protect Zelenskyy, who was the target of a deepfake attempt during the early months of the Russian invasion of Ukraine, but also be trained to flag deepfakes of other world leaders and business tycoons.

“We don’t have to distinguish you from a billion people – we just have to distinguish you from [the deepfake made by] whoever is trying to imitate you,” says Hany Farid at the University of California, Berkeley.

Farid worked with Matyáš Boháček at Johannes Kepler Gymnasium in the Czech Republic to develop detection capabilities for faces, voices, hand gestures and upper body movements. Their research builds on previous work in which a system was trained to detect deepfake faces and head movements of world leaders, such as former president Barack Obama.
https://www.newscientist.com/article/2350644-deepfake-detector-spots-fake-videos-of-ukraines-president-zelenskyy/

out22
Fact Check: Deepfake video shared as Putin’s double fighting on Ukraine frontline By Fact Checker | Published: Friday, October 14, 2022, 11:52 [IST] New Delhi, Oct 14: Amidst the ongoing war in Ukraine, a video on the social media is in circulation which appears to show Russian President Vladimir Putin speaking to a person behind the camera while wearing a Russian soldier uniform.



out22

Ukraine’s intelligence of the Ministry of Defense disrupted Russians’ deepfake attempt to contact the founder of Bayraktar company Haluk Bayraktar. Russian agent was disguised as Ukraine’s Prime Minister but met a fake secretary of Baykar company and was told he would go to prison.

“It should be noted that Russian agents had a low level of training and exposed themselves several times during the conversation. Including because of not knowing the correct pronunciation of the stable expression “babyne lito”, which they pronounced as the Russian “babye leto”. The purpose of this action was an attempt to discredit the cooperation between Ukraine and Turkey,” Ukraine’s Intelligence wrote.
https://euromaidanpress.com/2022/10/09/ukraines-intelligence-disrupted-russians-deepfake-attempt-to-contact-the-founder-of-bayraktar-company/

ago22

The use of deepfakes to evade security controls and compromise organizations is on the rise among cybercriminals, with researchers seeing a 13% increase in the use of deepfakes compared with last year.

That's according to VMware's eighth annual "Global Incident Response Threat Report," which says that email is usually the top delivery method.

The study, which surveyed 125 cybersecurity and incident response (IR) professionals from around the world, also reveals an uptick in overall cybersecurity attacks since Russia's invasion of Ukraine; extortionary ransomware attacks including double extortion techniques, data auctions, and blackmail; and attacks on APIs.
https://www.darkreading.com/risk/deepfakes-grow-sophistication-cyberattacks-rise-ukraine-war

jul22

A deepfake video that claims to feature footage of Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelenskyy is circulating online. In it, a figure identified as him is seen calling on citizens of his country to surrender to Russian forces.

A deepfake video uses artificial intelligence technology to create new, fake footage from existing images and videos. The results can appear quite convincing, although the “Zelenskyy” video appeared obviously fake, as many social media users pointed out.

Fact-checking website Verify confirmed this and stated: “Using video forensics tools and reverse image searching, Verify can confirm that this video was computer-generated using still images from Zelenskyy’s earlier press conferences.”
https://www.arabnews.com/node/2044866/media


jul22
PROTECTING PRESIDENT ZELENSKYY AGAINST DEEP FAKES
A PREPRINT
Matyáš Boháˇcek
Gymnasium of Johannes Kepler
Parléˇrova 2/118, 169 00 Praha 6, Czech Republic
matyas.bohacek@matsworld.io
Hany Farid
Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences
School of Information
University of California, Berkeley
hfarid@berkeley.edu
ABSTRACT
The 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine is being fought on two fronts: a brutal ground war and a
duplicitous disinformation campaign designed to conceal and justify Russia’s actions. This campaign
includes at least one example of a deep-fake video purportedly showing Ukrainian President Zelenskyy
admitting defeat and surrendering. In anticipation of future attacks of this form, we describe a facial
and gestural behavioral model that captures distinctive characteristics of Zelenskyy’s speaking
style. Trained on over eight hours of authentic video from four different settings, we show that
this behavioral model can distinguish Zelenskyy from deep-fake imposters.This model can play an
important role – particularly during the fog of war – in distinguishing the real from the fake.
Keywords Deep fakes  Disinformation  Digital Forensics  Facial Mannerisms  Gestural Mannerisms
(em arquivo)


jun22

The mayors of several European capitals have been duped into holding video calls with a deepfake of their counterpart in Kyiv, Vitali Klitschko.

The mayor of Berlin, Franziska Giffey, took part in a scheduled call on the Webex video conferencing platform on Friday with a person she said looked and sounded like Klitschko.

“There were no signs that the video conference call wasn’t being held with a real person,” her office said in a statement.

It was only after about 15 minutes, when the supposed Kyiv mayor at the other end of the line started to talk about the problem of Ukrainian refugees cheating the German state of benefits, and appeared to call for refugees to be brought back to Ukraine for military service, that Giffey grew suspicious.

When the connection was briefly interrupted, the Berlin mayor’s office contacted the Ukrainian ambassador to Germany, who confirmed through authorities in Kyiv that the person on the video call was not the real Klitschko, the news magazine Der Spiegel reported.
https://www.theguardian.com/world/2022/jun/25/european-leaders-deepfake-video-calls-mayor-of-kyiv-vitali-klitschko

mai22

Vladimir Putin has undergone surgery to remove fluid from his abdomen, an anti-Russian Telegram channel has claimed.

Speculation about the Russian president’s poor health has intensified ever since he invaded Ukraine, with reports even alleging he is due to have a cancer operation ‘in the near future’.
https://metro.co.uk/2022/05/18/russia-vladimir-putin-hid-surgery-with-deepfake-video-address-16663677/

Vladimir Putin has 'successful' cancer surgery as Kremlin 'deepfakes' media appearance

A Russian Telegram channel which often claims inside knowledge of Putin's health has claimed all of the leader's media appearances last week were either pre-recorded or faked

https://www.mirror.co.uk/news/world-news/vladimir-putin-successful-cancer-surgery-27037213 



ab22
https://poligrafo.sapo.pt/fact-check/e-o-melhor-energizante-video-em-que-zelensky-assume-consumir-cocaina-e-autentico?utm_source=Pol%C3%ADgrafo&utm_campaign=bbbf57ae7e-EMAIL_PINOQUIO_10_29_2021_11_59_COPY_01&utm_medium=email&utm_term=0_29a5658a0c-bbbf57ae7e-88310731

ab22

DEEPFAKES Of Zelensky, Putin Go Viral, Changing PROPAGANDA WARFARE

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PQi16uY395s 


ab22

Ukraine has accused Russia of preparing to launch a ‘deepfake’ of President Volodymr Zelensky.

Authorities have alleged the deepfake will depict Mr Zelenksy making a statement on the war during which he will express a negative attitude towards certain cities.

Deepfakes are manipulated videos or images that use artificial intelligence to make false media that purports to be genuine.

https://metro.co.uk/2022/04/16/ukraine-warns-it-is-expecting-russia-to-put-out-zelensky-deepfake-16480000/


ab22
Laughably Bad Zelensky Deepfakes Could Take a Dangerous Turn for the Worse
https://www.thedailybeast.com/laughably-bad-deepfakes-of-volodymyr-zelensky-could-spiral-into-dangerous-war-disinformation


ab22

Opinion: The Zelensky deepfake is a warning for Corporate America


https://edition.cnn.com/2022/04/01/perspectives/zelensky-deepfake-disinformation-businesses/index.html


mar22
WHAT HAPPENED WHEN A DEEPFAKE GOT WEAPONIZED IN THE UKRAINE WAR…
https://mindmatters.ai/2022/03/what-happened-when-a-deepfake-got-weaponized-in-the-ukraine-war/


‘We are not prepared’: Russia uses artificial intelligence, deep fakes in propaganda warfare

https://globalnews.ca/news/8716443/russia-artificial-intelligence-deep-fakes-propaganda-war/


mar22

In the third week of Russia's war in Ukraine, Volodymyr Zelensky appeared in a video, dressed in a dark green shirt, speaking slowly and deliberately while standing behind a white presidential podium featuring his country's coat of arms. Except for his head, the Ukrainian president's body barely moved as he spoke. His voice sounded distorted and almost gravelly as he appeared to tell Ukrainians to surrender to Russia. "I ask you to lay down your weapons and go back to your families," he appeared to say in Ukrainian in the clip, which was quickly identified as a deepfake. "This war is not worth dying for. I suggest you to keep on living, and I am going to do the same." https://edition.cnn.com/2022/03/25/tech/deepfakes-disinformation-war/index.html


mar22
The menace of the political deepfake has been around for a few years now, but last week something even scarier seemed to arrive: the geopolitical deepfake, in the form of a falsified video of Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelensky urging his people to give up their weapons. But rather than setting off a panic, this one showed that deepfakes can be disarmed if they are dealt with calmly and rationally. (...) Deepfakes can still pose serious problems, particularly where there’s little faith in institutions that might otherwise help debunk false narratives: A video from Myanmar last year seemed to show a onetime government minister admitting to bribing former leader Aung San Suu Kyi, and despite doubts, its veracity hasn’t been resolved. Deepfakes also hurt private individuals every day when they’re produced, for example, as revenge porn. But just as deepfakes themselves foster a damaging mistrust in all video, treating them as an unstoppable menace to our shared reality could convince people they can never believe what they see. Last week’s events show that many deepfakes can be stopped, so the best course is to keep calm and parry on.
https://www.washingtonpost.com/opinions/2022/03/23/zelensky-geopolitical-deepfake-reaction-disarmed/


mar22

Videos recently published online appeared to show the presidents of Russia and Ukraine issuing major statements about the Ukraine war. But the videos were quickly identified by experts as fake and removed from social media.

The videos are known as “deepfakes.” A deepfake is a video designed to fool people into thinking that is “real.” People who create deepfakes use different technology tools and methods to make people appear to say things they never said.

Earlier this month, a video was shared on Twitter that appeared to show Russian President Vladimir Putin declaring that a peace agreement had been reached with Ukraine. But the video was from a speech Putin gave on February 21. The video had been manipulated by replacing Putin’s voice with new audio.
https://learningenglish.voanews.com/a/6497988.html



mar22

Vídeos "deepfake" usados na guerra da desinformação

https://www.rtp.pt/noticias/mundo/videos-deepfake-usados-na-guerra-da-desinformacao_n1392204


mar22

A Zelensky Deepfake Was Quickly Defeated. The Next One Might Not Be

https://www.wired.com/story/zelensky-deepfake-facebook-twitter-playbook/


mar22
Facebook's parent company, Meta has announced that it removed a deepfake video of Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelenskyy asking citizens to "lay down arms" amid Russia's ongoing war on Kiev. Zelenskyy appears to stand behind a presidential podium and in front of a backdrop, both of which feature the Ukrainian coat of arms (...). "Earlier today, our teams identified and removed a deepfake video claiming to show President Zelenskyy issuing a statement he never did. It appeared on a reportedly compromised website and then started showing across the internet," Gleicher said.

Read more at: https://www.deccanherald.com/international/world-news-politics/fb-removes-deepfake-video-of-ukrainian-president-1092102.html

It is not clear whether anyone was convinced. Internet users immediately flagged the discrepancies between the skin tone on Zelenskiy's neck and face, the odd accent in the video, and the pixelation around his head. A Facebook official later said https://twitter.com/ngleicher/status/1504186935291506693 the company was removing the footage from its platform.

Nina Schick, the author of "Deepfakes," said the video looked like "an absolutely terrible faceswap," referring to programs that can digitally graft one person's face onto another's body -- part of a wider family of computer techniques that can create hyperrealistic forgeries known as "deepfakes." https://www.usnews.com/news/world/articles/2022-03-16/deepfake-footage-purports-to-show-ukrainian-president-capitulating


mar22
https://www.newsweek.com/trump-deepfake-russia-rutube-1687647


AI and disinformation in the Russia-Ukraine war

From false videos circulating on TikTok to AI-generated humans and deepfakes, the Russia-Ukraine war is playing out both in the physical world and virtually.

https://www.techtarget.com/searchenterpriseai/feature/AI-and-disinformation-in-the-Russia-Ukraine-war


mar22

Digital weaponry: Russia using deepfakes to spread misinformation against Ukraine, claims report

https://www.wionews.com/world/digital-weaponry-russia-using-deepfakes-to-spread-misinformation-against-ukraine-claims-report-458746




Digital war: How Russia is using deep fakes in Ukraine for propaganda

In war, with boots on the ground comes the battle for the mind. The Russia-Ukraine conflict now has deep fakes deployed for propaganda.
https://www.businesstoday.in/latest/world/story/digital-war-how-russia-is-using-deep-fakes-in-ukraine-for-propaganda-324531-2022-03-02




Prior to its invasion of Ukraine, there were speculations that Russia was planning to produce a graphic fake video showing a Ukrainian attack as a pretext for an invasion. Although this “false flag” operation did not play a major role in the end, deepfake technology is increasingly recognized as a potentially useful and effective tool in armed conflict. This post unravels a large swath of unregulated space in which hostile actors can use deepfake as a method of information warfare without legal liability.

The Application of Artificial Intelligence for Information Warfare

Deepfake is a simulation of reality in computer imagery generated with the application of artificial intelligence to replace one person’s likeness with another in recorded video. Its use to create a misleading video has already been prevalent in a political context and has raised concerns about its potentially adverse impact on democratic processes. When it is used as a deliberate means to deceive the public in international relations, deepfake can be broadly classified as a form of information warfare.
https://lieber.westpoint.edu/deepfake-technology-age-information-warfare/

Influence operations with ties to Russia and Belarus have been found using deepfakes to push anti-Ukraine disinformation.

Last week, AI News reported on the release of a study that found humans can generally no longer distinguish between real and AI-generated “deepfake” faces.

https://artificialintelligence-news.com/2022/03/01/deepfakes-are-being-used-push-anti-ukraine-disinformation/